Injuries of bones and muscles.

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Bones and muscles injuries are 4 types:

 (1) - Fractions: It is of two types:

 * Closed fractures: fractures are not accompanied by an open wound on the skin.

 * Open fractures: fractures are accompanied by open wounds in the skin, and the emergence of both sides of the broken bone of the skin, and these fractures are potentially serious, because of the possibility of bleeding, infections and pollution.

The signs and symptoms of fractures.

- Pain and swelling at the site of injury.

 - Inability to move the injured part.

 - Change in skin color and deformity in the injured part.

How do you do ambulance fractures?

First: Check the airway, breathing, and circulation.

 Second :  stop the bleeding, by pressing the direct or indirect, or making pressure of

the arteries. over the place of the bleeding.

 Third: Do not move the broken part.

 Fourth: remove any accessories from the place of fracture, such as the ring or

the watch ..... , before the swelling at the site of the fracture.

 Fifth: do not mak e (massage) for the broken part.

  Sixth: Make a splint for the broken part (splint making will come later).

 And finally: Move the injured to hospital.

( 2 )- Onyx:

 It is a strain or tear in the ligament partially surrounding the cartilage, joints and more prone

 to this are the ankle joint and knee joint..

Ambulance patient in case of Onyx.

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1) make a fixation of the injured part in a more comfortable position.

2) place the ice to reduce pain and swelling.

3) do not try to remove the boot if the Onyx in the foot.

4) move the injured to the hospital.

(3)Joint dislocation:

 it is one of the transmission of bone-forming detailed from natural place, in the sense of

grandeur by the transition from inside to outside the joint, and this happen in the shoulder

 and the annex.

1) call an ambulance immediately.

2) do not try to move the deposed.

3) make a splint on the same situation, which you found injured part

4) place the ice over the affected area to reduce swelling and internal bleeding.

(4 ) Muscle rupture:

It is rupture of the muscle, more muscle, which is under the muscle is torn back muscle.

                                              Splints    

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The purpose of splints:

 1 - to reduce pain.

 2 -. Prevent further injuries and complications.

 3 - prevent conversion to closed fractures, open fractures.

 4 - to prevent the movement of the broken part, during transportation, to prevent more

injuries in the arteries or muscles.

Important Notes:

 - Must be a long splint, stretching across the bottom of the joints and the highest fraction.

 - You must use the interval between the splint and the skin of the patient, such as

  , Cotton clothing.

 - It should be noted that the splint is not pressing on blood vessels, (for example, to break

the arm, feel the pulse at the wrist, and scan the fingers, to note any change in skin color),

also if the patient feels with difficulty in the movement of the fingers, or numbness, we have

 to reduce the ligaments immediately to prevent any damage.

 - Raise the injured part after making splints.

How to make a splint?

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1) Make a splint on the same situation in which you  found the broken part.

2) Bring something that supports the broken part, such as a wooden stick - newspaper

folded - folded clothes ..... It is possible to use a member of an unbroken user to strengthen

the broken, for example in the case of fracture in a finger can be used to strengthen the

finger next to the broken finger.

3) Put this next to the broken compatible inclusive of the joints above and below.

4) wrap (gauze or cloth) around the broken part and subsidized, then Link to the ligaments

without exaggeration, to allow the passage of blood.

5) From time to time, examine the blood circulation to the injured part, if you noticed a

tingling or dull in color of the skin expand the splint.

                                                 Pictures of splints

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