Definition of fainting, signs, symptoms,Causes, and how to make a recovery

Definition of fainting:

*It is the person's consciousness, just for a temporary period (minutes), due to lack of supply of brain cells, the amount of blood necessary for its work.

* In most cases, the person loses consciousness for a short time, and secondly restore it as soon as he fell on the ground, and that the rush of blood to the brain from the parties.
* In other cases, the person loses consciousness completely, and be sleeping as soundly, and could not rouse him by shaking or disk, in this case either to regain consciousness, and either enter in the coma (eg, diabetes).

The signs and symptoms of fainting:

* Pale in color of the face, with profuse sweat and cold in the extremities.
* Drop in, or dizziness, difficulty with focus and blurred.
* Nausea and loss of sense of awareness.

Causes of fainting:

1 - severe anemia, fatigue and physical.
2 - inhalation of toxic gases.
3 - strong emotions (fear, joy sadness ....)

4 - heart disease, and severe pain.
Ambulance person with faint:

 1 - If a person felt that he would pass out, helped him to sit on a chair and leaning forward, and puts his head between his knees.

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2-If the person is unconscious: Place the patient on the floor on his back straight, with lift the legs on a chair or something high.

The patient is placed in a comfortable position with warmed.

- also can put the patient in recovery position, in order to rush blood to the brain, and should

expand the dimensions of his clothes and any gathering of people around him to allow the  renewal of the air to the patient.

3 - Make sure that the patient is breathing and check the existence of the pulse.

The definition of spasticity, signs, symptoms, causes and ambulance patient.

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The definition of spasticity:

 Tension in all muscles of the body or part of it, sometimes associated with loss of consciousness or the patient is conscious.

The signs and symptoms of spasticity

 - The patient suddenly falls unconscious, and harden the muscles and that of (several seconds to half a minute). 
 - happens after that twitching muscles.
 - during the period of sclerosis may stop breathing patient and bite his tongue, and bleed out with saliva from the mouth.
- and could lose control of urine and stool.

 Causes of spasticity:

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1 - children under the age of 5 years result in very high temperature.
2 - A pregnant woman (as a result of pre-eclampsia).
3 - epilepsy.
4 - head injuries accompanied by bleeding.

 

Ambulance patient with spasticity.

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- Move away from the infected places that contain furniture or machinery or sharp flame to avoid hurting himself.

2 - Do not try to prevent the patient from seizures because it is not aware of what is happening.

3 - Place the patient on the floor lying on his back.

4 - then head of the attribution of the injured and remove any tight clothing, especially around the neck.

5 - Do not put anything between the teeth of the patient, do not give anything by mouth until after the wake of the seizure.

6 - In the event of a vomiting patient Mark on his side so as to avoid inhalation of vomit.

 7 - From time to time, check pulse and breathing.

8 - wait for the next patient, so wake up.

9 - If the patient is a child (happened to him cramping because of the high temperature), do cold compresses, and do not put the child in a cold bath.

 

Dealing with incidents of electric shock

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Incidents of electric shock from accidents that could happens  in the home, work, or even on the road, and are either simple electric shock, electrocution or serious, and deadly.
And injuries have the strength of the burns and fractures, because the bones serve as a resistance in the circuit resulting from, causing the warming of the bone, and thus be burns from the inside out, and cause an electric shock in cardiac arrest.
And therefore we must learn first aid and it is possible to happens to anyone at home, especially children.

Ambulance person with electric shock.

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1 - the patient must be away from the source of electricity, using a stick or any body insulation, and better to separate the power from the source.
2 - Call an ambulance immediately.
3 - Mark the patient lying on his back.
4 - Make sure that the patient is breathing. And make sure that pulse.
5 - Open the airway, tilt the head back to the patient.

 

 

Abdominal injuries, symptoms, signs and first aid to infected with open wound in the abdomen

The danger of wounds in the abdomen may be accompanied by injury of internal organs such as the intestines, liver and spleen.

Symptoms and signs of abdominal injuries.

- Severe pain.               - Nausea and vomiting.

 - Bruises.                     - Thirst.

 - External bleeding.     - The emergence of members of the abdomen.

 - Pale skin color.         - Feel the skin moist.

First Aid for infected with open wound in the abdomen

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- Stop the bleeding and try to control it.
- Place the patient on his back with no move.
- Remove the clothing from around the wound.
- When there guts out of the abdomen through open wounds, should not be expedient to try  to back into the abdomen.
- Place the wet parts above the wound (moisturizes parts with cold water sterilizer,).
- Cover the parts with a warm towel.
- Note the symptoms of shock and give oxygen if possible.
- Do not give victim anything by mouth.
- Move victim to hospital immediately.

                                             Pelvic injuries                                                   

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* Symptoms of pelvic injuries,  as symptoms of abdominal injuries.
* And may be associated with pelvic injuries injuring the internal organs of the body, such as bladder and bowel, and internal bleeding may happen and severe shock.
* Ambulance injuries, pelvic injuries,  as the abdomen.

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chest injuries,Symptoms and first aid for chest injuries

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Chest injuries serious injuries, the patient may lose his life if it is not good care of this injury, because the chest contains: members of breathing, heart and major blood vessels.

Chest injuries are divided into:

 1- closed injuries (such as broken ribs).

2 - open injuries allow the entry of air into the chest cavity (and this a very serious injury).

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Symptoms of chest injury:

 1 - severe pain where injury.

2 - the patient feels difficulty in breathing, and inability to stretch the chest during inspiration.

3 - change the color of the skin in place of injury (redness - pale - blue color).

4 - cough accompanied by blood.

5 - shock, and falling circulation.

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First aid for open chest injuries:

 These injuries may cause many risks because it could affect the heart or a blood vessel.

 Important instructions:

 - Let the objects planted in its place, without that we drag them, and put gauze around it to prevent the move.
- The patient is moved gently and quickly to the hospital, with the lifting of the head and shoulders.
- Give artificial respiration, if the case needs.

First aid for injuries chest closed (broken ribs).

• Use a pillow, or sheet for fixation injured part, it is possible to an infected injury put his hand on , and fixation arm with the chest, and neck attached in the carrier

• Lift the head and injured his shoulders to secure the freedom of breathing.
•  Notice of breath, gave oxygen if possible.
•  Note vital signs.
• Move victim immediately to hospital.
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Head injuries and spinal cord

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Head injuries can be:
1 - wounds in the scalp are usually accompanied by bleeding.

 2 - brain injuries.

 3 - fractures of the skull bones.

Causes of head injuries and spinal cord:

1 - auto accidents

. 2 - Falling from height.

 3 - sports such as diving.

Symptoms of head injuries and spinal cord:

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- Change in the degree of awareness, or lost consciousness.

 - Severe head pain, neck or back.

 - Kidney or partial paralysis of the limbs (loss of sensation of the limbs or the ability to move

 the parties)

    - Shock.                                                - Convulsions   

  . - Bleeding from the head   .            

 - Inability to breathe.                               - Loss of vision.

 - Loss of equilibrium.                             - Speech disorders.

 - Vomiting, nausea, headache.

 - Bruises in the head, especially around the eye and behind the ear.

 - Bleeding from the nose or ear, or leakage of spinal liquid from the nose or ear

 - Lost control of the control of urination and defecation.

 - Fractures are considered the backbone of serious fractures, as it may result in injury to

the spinal cord, which may lead to permanent paralysis.

Ambulance patient suspected of suffering in the head and spine

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- Do not move the injured in cases of head and neck.

 - Fixed the head and neck in the point of injury.

 - Stopped the bleeding and try to control it.

 - Secure the course of the airways, so that they are open.

 - Give oxygen if available.

 - Notice of vital signs, the awareness of the extent and duration and convulsions.

 - Then warm the patient.

 - Call the paramedics to transport the patient under medical care.

 - The number of paramedics at least 4

    medical staff.

In case of breaking the neck and spine, should be placed (medical fitness) of the neck before the transfer of the patient, and are carefully transferred to a wooden board

Injuries of bones and muscles.

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Bones and muscles injuries are 4 types:

 (1) - Fractions: It is of two types:

 * Closed fractures: fractures are not accompanied by an open wound on the skin.

 * Open fractures: fractures are accompanied by open wounds in the skin, and the emergence of both sides of the broken bone of the skin, and these fractures are potentially serious, because of the possibility of bleeding, infections and pollution.

The signs and symptoms of fractures.

- Pain and swelling at the site of injury.

 - Inability to move the injured part.

 - Change in skin color and deformity in the injured part.

How do you do ambulance fractures?

First: Check the airway, breathing, and circulation.

 Second :  stop the bleeding, by pressing the direct or indirect, or making pressure of

the arteries. over the place of the bleeding.

 Third: Do not move the broken part.

 Fourth: remove any accessories from the place of fracture, such as the ring or

the watch ..... , before the swelling at the site of the fracture.

 Fifth: do not mak e (massage) for the broken part.

  Sixth: Make a splint for the broken part (splint making will come later).

 And finally: Move the injured to hospital.

( 2 )- Onyx:

 It is a strain or tear in the ligament partially surrounding the cartilage, joints and more prone

 to this are the ankle joint and knee joint..

Ambulance patient in case of Onyx.

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1) make a fixation of the injured part in a more comfortable position.

2) place the ice to reduce pain and swelling.

3) do not try to remove the boot if the Onyx in the foot.

4) move the injured to the hospital.

(3)Joint dislocation:

 it is one of the transmission of bone-forming detailed from natural place, in the sense of

grandeur by the transition from inside to outside the joint, and this happen in the shoulder

 and the annex.

1) call an ambulance immediately.

2) do not try to move the deposed.

3) make a splint on the same situation, which you found injured part

4) place the ice over the affected area to reduce swelling and internal bleeding.

(4 ) Muscle rupture:

It is rupture of the muscle, more muscle, which is under the muscle is torn back muscle.

                                              Splints    

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The purpose of splints:

 1 - to reduce pain.

 2 -. Prevent further injuries and complications.

 3 - prevent conversion to closed fractures, open fractures.

 4 - to prevent the movement of the broken part, during transportation, to prevent more

injuries in the arteries or muscles.

Important Notes:

 - Must be a long splint, stretching across the bottom of the joints and the highest fraction.

 - You must use the interval between the splint and the skin of the patient, such as

  , Cotton clothing.

 - It should be noted that the splint is not pressing on blood vessels, (for example, to break

the arm, feel the pulse at the wrist, and scan the fingers, to note any change in skin color),

also if the patient feels with difficulty in the movement of the fingers, or numbness, we have

 to reduce the ligaments immediately to prevent any damage.

 - Raise the injured part after making splints.

How to make a splint?

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1) Make a splint on the same situation in which you  found the broken part.

2) Bring something that supports the broken part, such as a wooden stick - newspaper

folded - folded clothes ..... It is possible to use a member of an unbroken user to strengthen

the broken, for example in the case of fracture in a finger can be used to strengthen the

finger next to the broken finger.

3) Put this next to the broken compatible inclusive of the joints above and below.

4) wrap (gauze or cloth) around the broken part and subsidized, then Link to the ligaments

without exaggeration, to allow the passage of blood.

5) From time to time, examine the blood circulation to the injured part, if you noticed a

tingling or dull in color of the skin expand the splint.

                                                 Pictures of splints

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