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Tuesday, July 10, 2012

Definition of wounds, types of wounds, wounds ambulance.

Wounds are a disruption in the body tissues.





 




* Wounds are divided into: -

Closed injuries: wounds may be closed when the skin remains intact, and occurs in the cutting tissue under the skin.

Open wounds: wounds that are to appear in the external parts of the skin, open wounds are usually accompanied by external bleeding.

Types of open wounds and their causes:

 
1) abrasions: It just scrape the skin, such as scratches, minor, or contact with objects rough such as land, and often occur in children because of a fall on the ground, and not more than bleeding in these cases, just drop a simple dilation of the capillaries, but the potential for pollution exists, may find their way dust and bacteria to tissues that are open.



2) laceration: a definitive tissue injuries, usually regular edges, caused by sharp objects like knives and cut glass, and a lot of bleeding from these wounds


3) laceration wounds, wounds caused by blunt objects, and edges are irregular, like most of the casualties of traffic accidents.


4) separatist or ruptured wounds: These are the wounds where there is separation or rupture of a part of the infected tissues, such as a cut finger, or by the ear, or limb.





And usually occur as a result bitten by animals, or injuries from accidents, machinery and explosives, and usually followed by severe bleeding.
Can some surgeons re-grabber part to his place in the body, so it is always recommended to send the grabber with the injured to the hospital, that the part is placed in a separate solution of 0.9% concentration and snow until it reaches with the patient to the hospital.

First aid in case of amputation in the accidents:
* Call an ambulance immediately.
* Do to stop the bleeding:How to stop bleeding?:
1) Wash your hands with soap and water and wear gloves to protect yourself.

2) If the part that was bleeding, the upper portion or lower then raise it above heart level to reduce the bleeding.

3) The direct pressure over the place of bleeding using a bandage.
4) If bleeding does not stop, apply pressure to the highest level to close the bleeding artery fed (if the red blood opening), or by pressing the bottom level to close the bleeding vein (if blood is dark red).
  5) If the bleeding does not stop, do arterial pressure (tourniquet) and are made in case of bleeding of the Parties, and Anljo to it only after the failure of all previous attempts to lead it to prevent the circulation of whole  the part (very serious).
5) wounds Aluchveh "window": These are the wounds caused from the bodies of paint brushes such as nails and shrapnel, which could reach these wounds to a distance deep into the tissue, and usually does not show bleeding external, but internal bleeding as a result penetrate the body's spire to the internal organs and there is a high probability of virus activity tetanus .

 First aid in case of gunshot and knife blows

* Check airway, breathing and blood circulation.

* Before approaching the patient make sure that you are not in danger.

* Do not try to move (bullet or knife) in order to avoid a rupture more and thus more bleeding.

* Make the patient sits leaning on hand so that the injured part.




6) the wounds closed: or bruises caused by impact with blunt objects, blunt, and may lead to bleeding in blood vessels under the skin (internal bleeding), but the skin remains intact, or damage is a slight skin and find the patient complains of pain and we see a tumor and colorful in the soft tissue .
First aid for wounds closed (bruise).
1) Lift the arm or leg infected wound.
  2) Put ice packs or cold water on the area of injury.
  3) Check the patient is well, looking for fractures or injuries.

Notes

 - In the case of a compression bandage on one of the parties always make sure that the fingers of the hands or the feet warm, and the patient can move it.
- If you find the fingers of the parties are in the cold, tempered the severity of the ligament to allow the operation of the blood, and move the injured to the hospital immediately.
 
Ambulance small open wounds:
- Wash the wound thoroughly with water or antiseptic solution.
- Covering the wound with a small  piece of gauze, and damage Bmhim adhesive,
- Make sure that the bleeding has stopped.
- Search for any injuries in other parts of the body.
 
Ambulance bleeding associated with a double fracture (categorically wound in the skin + break in the bone).
 
 - Place sterile gauze over the wound clean and segmental bone broken.
 - Put a large amount of gauze around greatness, and plug it gently pressure bandages.
 - Keep the injured part to the stability of developing an appropriate splint. - Always make sure that the parties fingers warm.
 - Move victim to the hospital without moving the injured part.

Sunday, July 08, 2012

Definition and causes burns and how to deal with it.

Definition of burns:

Injuries that arise from the body is exposed to external stimulation very hot or caustic chemicals or direct flame.
Causes of burns:
1 - dry heat such as flame.
2 - moist heat such as hot liquids.
3 - electric shock.
4 - the burning rays of the sun
5 - chemicals such as acids and alkalis.
Degrees of burns:

- The first class:
- Occurs only for the first layer of skin, the skin is red, warm and dry with mild swelling and a feeling of pain .
- Healed completely within a week.



Second-degree burn:


- Be burn burn deeper than the first class, where the first layer and part of the second layer, with the emergence of bubbles, visible redness and swelling and a feeling of severe pain.
- Heal through (2-3 weeks), leaving a scar and change in skin color.


Third degree burn:
 -The injured person loses the entire layer of skin and may burn up to the muscles and bones, and the patient loses the sense of pain as a result damage to sensory organs, and it seems the skin burned charred landscape.
 - Healed leaving a scar and may require skin grafts.





Important instructions:

1 - Do not remove anything stuck on the burning part.
 2 - Do not put cotton medically above the burning.
 3 - Do not put the sticker Mhima to link the parts above the burning.
4-- Do not put ice - toothpaste - margarine - butter - over the burning oil as believed by some people.
5-Do not Pfqa bubbles resulting from the burn because they contain useful to the burning plasma.

Signs of serious burns:

Increasing the area of ​​the burning 20% of the area of ​​the body for adults and 10% for children. 
 2 - burning of the face or hands or chest. 
 3 - a deterioration in the degree of awareness of the patient.
Ambulance burns:

 Aims ambulance burns to:

 Scare away the pain - pollution prevention - treatment of shock.

First aid for burns resulting from simple dry heat and hot liquids:
1 - beyond the injured from the place of danger.

2 - Remove burned clothing unless stuck to skin that simply cutting around it.

3 - Remove any accessories such as time and the ring before swelling occurs in the burning.

4 - Check the airway, breathing and blood circulation.

5 - then expose the burning of the cold water running for 15 minutes or until the disappearance of pain, and avoid using ice or cold water as this may prevent burning from burning heat to burn the snowy, and to avoid also the descent of cold water over burning directly, but Make it down smoothly.
6- Place the cream for burns over the place of burning and then Cover the burn with gauze petrolatum. 
 7- Call an ambulance immediately if the burn is second degree or third
8 - Wash your hands and Protect yourself and others.
First aid for burns caused by chemical substances:

Chemicals are often acids or alkalis. Which affects the skin and the eye.
1 - Remove the clothing immediately infected person.
 2 - Wash the patient's body with copious water for at least 30 minutes.
3 - Cover the patient with a clean sheet.
 4 - Do not use oils or ointments and do not remove the bubbles or the skin.
 5 - ask for an ambulance immediately.


6 - In the case of burning quicklime:

- Beware of the water situation over the burning, because the water reacts with the lime and increase the burn.

- Use a brush to remove the lime and then just deal with it as we mentioned in the case of burning heat.

 In case of eye exposure to the chemical:



Showing the eye to running water for at least 20 minutes with the continued opening with your finger. 
  - If the victim is wearing contact lenses ask him to remove it  .

First aid for burns Electrical:

1 - Disconnect the power immediately before touching the patient.

2 - beyond the patient in the case of where using something non-conductive of electricity such as dry rope - a wooden stick .....

3 - Check the airway, breathing and blood circulation.
- Start immediately in the process of recovery of the heart and breathing if necessary.

4 - Cover the burn dressing sterile and moist.

5 - Call an ambulance immediately.
In case of burning rays of the sun:




First: How to avoid this from happening?

  1 - avoid the sun from 10 am to 4 pm .

2 - Use a sunscreen (Sun Block).

3 - Wear light-colored clothing to reflect the rays of the sun.

4 - Wear a hat and sunglasses.


  Second: What do you do if there is sun burn? 


 1 - Presentation of the burning cold water and if possible the patient take a warm bath.

2 - Give the patient (aspirin) to reduce pain and fever.

3 - the patient resting in a cool room air and in a comfortable position.

4 - when you are out in the sun once again be covered place burning and the use of a protective against the sun.

Saturday, July 07, 2012

Open the airway blocked the infected unconscious (an infant less than a year).

Steps to open the blocked airway for the injured.

1 - If the infant lying on his face damaged and must be put in a position to lie on his back, in order to be able to open the airway.
2 - Ask for help from any one with you to request an ambulance.
3 - Open the infant's mouth and look inside, if you see a UFO picked up, but if not you see Do not try to take it out.
4 - Make (5 hits) on the back firmly between the shoulders by following the inspiration of the hand.
5-Turn the baby on his back while maintaining the head put in a lower level of the trunk, because gravity will help to attract UFOs down.
6 - Put two or three fingertips on the middle of the breastbone between the nipples.
 7 - Click on the chest of an infant five quick strokes inside, so move the air inside the trachea to expel the foreign body.
8- Open the infant's mouth and look inside, if you see a UFO picked up, but if not you see Do not try to take it out.

Give (1) expiration of the infant, and note the high chest.
10 - If chest did not rise, repeat steps (4: 9) that pronounces foreign body to the outside.
11 - if she could pull the UFO, start giving the baby (2) exhalation, and notice the high chest.
12 - Check pulse, if you find a pulse, give the baby (20) breath for a minute or even regain breath, and if there is no Start pulse revive the heart and breathing.




Open airway for the injured and dead-end conscious (an infant less than a year).

Steps to open the blocked airway for the injured.

1 - Note the difficulty of breathing on the baby with the change to blue, to ascertain if the airway blocked by a foreign body.
2 - ask for help from the one next to you to ask for help.
3 - separated between the thighs of the child, and face-down so that the head at a lower level of the trunk, as gravity helps expel body in this situation.
4 - Place the baby on your forearm, and has been given by the thigh, to avoid the occurrence of your hand.
5 - Make (5 hits) on the back firmly between the shoulders by following the inspiration of
the hand.
 
 
6- Turn the baby on his back while maintaining the head put in a lower level of the trunk, as gravity will help to attract foreign body to the bottom.
 
7- Put two or three fingertips on the middle of the breastbone between the nipples.
8- Click on the chest of an infant five quick strokes inside, so move the air inside the trachea to expel the foreign body .
 
 

9- Repeat steps (4: 7) that pronounces foreign body to the outside.

Open the blocked airway of a child unconscious (1-8 years)

1 - If the victim is lying on his face damaged and must be put in a position to lie on his back, in order to be able to open the airway.
2 - ask for help from anyone next to you to request an ambulance.
3 - bend the head of the patient behind with Tilt Bsathaly one side, it is likely that the foreign body comes out of his own at the time of the injured on the ground.


 4 - Give the patient (1) exhale and notice the high chest.



 5- If chest did not rise, follow these steps method Heimalk even pronounces foreign body outside the airway, and therefore as follows:





- Sit on your knees, so that the patient takes Bfajven.
- Put the rest one hand above the navel.
- Place other hand on the first and press the top of the abdomen with 5 quick successive batches.

 6 - Repeat steps 4.5 that pronounces foreign body, or assist the ambulance comes.


7 - If you were able to remove foreign body, start to give the patient (2) exhalation, and notice the high chest.
8 - Check the pulse, if you find a pulse give the patient (20) breath for a minute, and if there is no Start pulse revive the heart and breathing.
  • Important Note

Do not try to remove the foreign body from the mouth of the child without seeing it,  because the area of ​​the mouth is small, and easy to thrown in for a second time. - If the child is obese, you hold 5 consecutive batches on the chest, so that after put one hand on the middle of the sternum, because the payments in the abdomen lost its effectiveness in the fatty layer.

Open the airway (a child) in consciousness (1: 8 years)

1 - Note the patient if he felt difficulty in breathing, to make sure that the airway dead end.
2 - Note if the child can cough or cry.
3 - ask the patient to cough, if the molecule blockage of air passages, the cough helps to expel the foreign body.
4 - If he could not respond or can not cough, and began to catch his neck (like this):
 
Follow the steps Heimalk way until the child pronounces foreign body outside the airway, follow the following :

Kneel behind the child or submit it to you, because the child is short and light weight, and wrap your arms around his waist.
- Place the thumb side of your fist in front of the patient's abdomen above the navel, and hold your fist with the other.
- Click inside the abdomen and the highest payments fast.
- Repeat this fast payouts.

Thursday, July 05, 2012

Open the airway of an infected dead end (unconscious) (adult).

Steps to open the blocked airway for the injured:

1 - If the victim is lying on his face, and damage must be placed in a position to lie on his back, in order to be able to open the airway.
 2 - Ask for help from anyone with you to request an ambulance.
 3 - bend the head of the patient behind with a simple tilt on one side, perhaps foreign body comes out of his own at the time of the injured on the ground .

4-Enter  the 2 fingers to clear the mouth of the injured from the inside in a hook, to remove the foreign body.

5-If you do not succeed in removing the foreign body, give (1) expiration of the injured and note the high chest.
6-If chest did not rise, follow these steps (Heimeljk) even pronounces foreign body outside the airway, it follows: Sit on your knees so that the patient takes Bfajven. Place the rest one hand above the navel. Place other hand on the first and press the top of the abdomen with 5 quick successive batches.









7-Repeat steps 4, 5, 6 that pronounces foreign body, or assist the ambulance comes.
8 - If you were able to remove foreign body, begin to give in (2) exhalation, and notice the high chest .
9-Check pulse, if you find a pulse give the patient (12) roar thereof, if there is no pulse, start reviving the heart and breathing for a minute.

10-This method does not follow in the case of a pregnant or obese, Valdfat lost its effectiveness to no avail, so the hands are placed on the middle of the sternum.






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